Nasal polyp surgery
علائم پولیپ بینی
Nasal polyp is a fleshy swelling in the inner lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses (Spaces filled with air, related to the nasal cavity) contract. In other words, they are non-cancerous growths of internal tissues. Polyps have different sizes; They may be yellow-brown or pink in color and shaped like drops. They eventually grow like grapes on a stalk in the nasal cavity.
Polyps may have grown in one or both nostrils at the same time. They can grow by themselves or in a cluster. Polyps or large clusters of masses can cause breathing problems and can affect the patient's sense of smell, they can also block the sinuses and cause problems such as nasal infections..
About 4 to 40 percent of the general population of a society suffer from nasal polyps, and men are 2 to 4 times more likely to suffer from nasal polyps than women, patients are usually young and middle-aged.. People with asthma, frequent sinus infections, and allergies are more likely to develop nasal polyps. Some children with cystic fibrosis may also develop nasal polyps.
Causes of nasal polyps
The exact cause of nasal polyps is not known, although a significant number of cases leading to polyps are related to non-allergic asthma, but in some cases, no signs of respiratory or allergic disorders have been found in patients.. Nasal polyps have nothing to do with colon or uterine polyps that are found in the digestive tract or uterus.
The exact mechanism of polyp formation is unknown, but many researchers believe that polyps are the result of swelling (inflammation) They are in the nose or sinuses (Swelling and inflammation of the nose or sinuses are not diseases)
Some experts believe that inflammation causes the accumulation of mucous fluids in the interstitial space (The space between the mucous cells) from the nose and sinuses and finally, the gravity of the fluids pulls these heavy cells down, which leads to the formation of polyps.. Scientists believe that the factors that cause polyps may be a bacterial or viral infection or an allergy and an immune response to a fungus by our body..
Nasal polyps are often found near the sinus opening (in the passage of the nose) However, they can form anywhere throughout the nasal passages or sinuses.
درمان پولیپ بینی
The treatments that are commonly used for nasal polyps are as follows:
Steroids
The doctor may prescribe a steroid nasal spray or drop, which will shrink the polyp by reducing inflammation. This treatment is more common for patients who have one or more small polyps. The side effects of this treatment include sore throat, headache, and nosebleeds.
Steroid pills
In larger polyps or more severe inflammation, the doctor may. prescribe a steroid pill for the patient; this pill is taken alone or together with a nasal spray. Although steroid tablets are very effective in shrinking polyps. But there are risks of more serious side effects such as excessive weight gain, so it should be taken weekly.
Other drugs
Other medications may be used to treat conditions that make inflammation worse. These drugs include antihistamines that are used to treat allergies.. Antibiotics that are taken for bacterial infections and antifungal medications that are used to treat fungal allergies.
Nose surgery
Surgery is only used if the polyp is very large. Or if other treatment methods do not respond well to the patient's treatment.
Polypectomy operation
Polypectomy is the most common method to remove polyps. that the patient is given local or general anesthesia and a long, thin tube with a video camera is sent to the patient's nose and sinuses. After cutting the polyps using a micro telescope and surgical instruments. sometimes, جراح بینی A small piece of bone may be removed from the nose to open the nasal passage.
After polyp surgery, the patient may be prescribed a corticosteroid spray. that this spray from re-inflammation of polyps (Relapse) prevents. Some doctors use salt water to help recovery after surgery (Sterile washing serum) prescribe.